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2.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 33(1): 3-11, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090639

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital segmental narrowing of the aortic arch with severe hemodynamic repercussions and increased cardiovascular mortality. Early surgical correction and life-time echocardiographic follow-up must be performed to improve prognosis. However, this goal has been challenged by high rates of underdiagnosis, which delay surgical correction, and by recoarctation in up to one third of operated patients. Objectives: The objectives of this study were: (i) to register the frequency of common clinical signs at diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta; (ii) to describe the course of echocardiographic parameters before and during the follow-up of coartectomized subjects; (iii) to analyze the clinical prognosis of patients according to baseline characteristics, occurrence of recoarctation and associated malformations. Methods: Case-series of 72 patients coarctectomized between June 1996 and November 2016 in a tertiary care hospital. Clinical, echocardiographic and surgical variables were considered. All patients were submitted to coarctectomy by posterolateral thoracotomy and end-to-end anastomosis. Data were classified as parametric or non-parametric by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Parametric data were expressed as mean and standard deviation, and non-parametric data as median and interquartile range. Continuous variables were analyzed using paired t-tests, and categorical variables were compared by chi-square test. For all analysis, a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, version 20.0 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The mean follow-up time was 5.8 years (range: 0-20 years). At diagnosis, most patients had heart murmur (88%), non-palpable pulse in the lower limbs (50%), left ventricular hypertrophy (78%), and bicuspid aortic valve (33%), with a mean aortic peak gradient of 55 mmHg. After surgical correction, those without recoarctation were less symptomatic (60 vs 4.5%; p < 0.001), had lower aortic peak gradient (54 ± 3.8 vs 13 ± 0.8; p = 0.01) and left ventricle mass (95 ± 9.2 vs. 63 ± 11; p = 0.01), and the most common complications were late hypertension (39.2%), and recoarctation (27.6%). Recoarcted patients did not show improvement of neither clinical nor echocardiographic variables. Age at repair and bicuspid aortic valve groups had comparable results with controls. Surgical procedure was safe; mean time of hospitalization was 10 days and mean surgery time 2.3 hours. Conclusions: Coarctectomy improves cardiac symptoms and left ventricular hypertrophy, with a slight effect on the incidence of hypertension. Recoarctation occurs in one-third of patients and draws attention for the need of lifelong surveillance by echocardiography.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aortic Coarctation/surgery , Aortic Coarctation/diagnosis , Prognosis , Echocardiography/methods , Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease , Hypertension
3.
J. inborn errors metab. screen ; 7: e20190004, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090974

ABSTRACT

Abstract Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) constitute a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders caused by enzymatic deficiencies that lead to the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Clinical observations suggest a health-related impairment in quality of life in patients with MPS. Professionals with extensive experience in the care of patients with inborn errors of metabolism, such as MPS, held a meeting in April 2017 to discuss and propose recommendations for the evaluation and management of quality of life in MPS patients in Latin America. In the light of this scenario, the present work summarizes the content of the discussions and presents the recommendations produced at the meeting. The panel had suggested the use of the following tools for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL): Children's Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) for children and patients unable to express their feelings, Health Assessments Questionnaire (HAQ) and EuroQol 5 Domains (EQ-5D) scales for adult patients. Based on the scores verified in these scales, the panel proposes interventions that aim reducing the impairment of the quality of life in patients with MPS disorders.

4.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 27(4): 264-267, Out.-Dez.2014. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-760043

ABSTRACT

Na síndrome de Timothy, caracterizada pela presença de QT longo (intervalo QT entre 480-700 ms) e de sindactilia cutânea e/ou óssea, além de outras manifestações, a causa mais comum de morte é secundária a taquiarritmias. Relata-se o caso de paciente do sexo feminino, com 1 ano e 3 meses de idade, que evoluiu no segundo dia de vida com bradicardia e apneia de resolução espontânea. O eletrocardiograma evidenciou bloqueio atrioventricular de 2o grau e bradicardia, sendo submetida a implante de marcapasso epicárdico e posterior troca de cabo-eletrodo, evoluindo durante o procedimento com parada cardiorrespiratória em fibrilação ventricular, que foi revertida. Ao ser encaminhada para implante de cardiodesfibrilador em nosso serviço, cerca de 30 dias após o procedimento, apresentava febrícula esporádica, sem comprometimento do estado geral, e bom desenvolvimento pôndero-estatural e neuropsicomotor. Durante a internação, apresentou nova parada cardiorrespiratória em fibrilação ventricular, falecendo antes do procedimento...


Timothy syndrome is characterized by the presence of long QT interval (between 480-700 ms) and skin and/or bone syndactyly, in addition to other manifestations and the most common cause of death is secondary to tachyarrhythmias. We report the case of a female patient, with 1 year and three months of age who evolved with bradycardia and apnea of spontaneous resolution. The ECG showed 2nd degree atrioventricular block and she was submitted to epicardial pacemaker implantation and lead exchange. During the procedure she had a cardiorespiratory arrest due to ventricular fibrillation which was reverted. At admission for cardiodefibrillator implantation, approximately 30 days after the procedure, she had sporadic mild fever, which did not have na impact on her overall condition and she had good stature and psychomotor development. During hospitalization, she had a new cardiorespiratory arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation and died before the procedure...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Long QT Syndrome , Syndactyly/genetics , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/complications , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Bradycardia/therapy , Death, Sudden , Pacemaker, Artificial
5.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 15(4): 255-259, jul.-ago. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-526424

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP) e claudicação intermitente (CI) apresentam prejuízo no desempenho de caminhada e alterações nos parâmetros espaço-temporais da marcha, mesmo na ausência de dor. OBJETIVO: Analisar os parâmetros espaço-temporais da marcha de pacientes com DAOP e CI participantes de programa de reabilitação. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída por 12 pacientes com DAOP e CI, sendo 75 por cento do sexo masculino e idade média de 63,3 ± 8,6 anos. Todos os pacientes participavam de programa de reabilitação e apresentavam melhora no desempenho de caminhada após os tratamentos; sete foram avaliados em longo prazo (de seis a 24 meses) e cinco em curto prazo (dois meses). Velocidade, comprimento da passada e cadência foram analisados antes e logo após o início da claudicação em pista de 6m de papel. A claudicação foi induzida por meio de caminhada em esteira ergométrica. As avaliações foram realizadas ao final dos tratamentos e analisadas inter e intragrupos. RESULTADOS: Velocidade de marcha (1,06m/s ± 0,29 vs 1,10m/s ± 0,06), comprimento da passada (1,34m ± 0,27 vs 1,33m ± 0,11) e cadência (93,81 passos/min ± 7,20 vs 99,84 passos/min ± 8,99) foram similares entre os grupos tratados em curto e em longo prazos (p > 0,05). Na avaliação intragrupos, ocorreu diminuição significativa no comprimento da passada dos pacientes tratados em curto prazo após a indução da claudicação (1,34m ± 0,27 vs 1,09m ± 0,03), com p = 0,05. CONCLUSÃO: Não ocorreram diferenças significativas nos parâmetros espaço-temporais da marcha entre os grupos. As características da marcha persistem, inclusive na ausência da dor e com a melhora do desempenho de caminhada, em pacientes participantes de programa de reabilitação.


INTRODUCTION: Patients with peripheral obstructive arterial disease (POAD) and intermittent claudication (IC) present difficulty in gait performance and alterations in the spatio-temporal parameters of gait, even in the absence of pain. AIM: to assess the spatio-temporal of gait parameters of patients with POAD and IC participants in a rehabilitation program. METHODS: The sample was composed of 12 patients with POAD and IC, being 75 percent males and mean age of 63.3 8.6 years. All patients participated in a rehabilitation program and presented gait improvement after treatments; seven patients were long-term assessed (from six to 24 months) and five patients were short-term assessed (two months). Velocity, step length and cadence were assessed before and immediately after claudication began on a 6-m paper track. Claudication was induced by gait on treadmill. Evaluations were performed at the end of the treatment and inter and intra-groups assessment was carried out. RESULTS: Gait velocity (1.06 m/s 0.29 vs 1.10m/s 0.06) step length (1.34 m 0.27 vs 1.33m 0.11) and cadence (93.81 steps/min 7.20 vs 99.84 steps/min ± 8.99) were similar between groups short and long-term treated (p> 0.05). In intragroup assessment, significant decrease was observed in the step length of patients short-term treated after claudication induction (1.34m ± 0.27 vs 1.09m ± 0.03) with p = 0.05. CONCLUSION: No significant differences were observed in the spatio-temporal parameters of gait between groups. The gait characteristics remain, even in the absence of pain and with gait performance improvement with patients participating in rehabilitation programs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Atherosclerosis/rehabilitation , Intermittent Claudication/pathology , Intermittent Claudication/rehabilitation , Peripheral Arterial Disease/pathology , Peripheral Arterial Disease/rehabilitation , Exercise Test , Gait , Rehabilitation/methods
6.
J. vasc. bras ; 8(1): 77-85, jan.-mar. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-514867

ABSTRACT

O tratamento convencional da trombose venosa profunda na fase aguda consiste em restrição ao leito. Porém, estudos recentes contestam essa abordagem terapêutica, enfatizando que a mobilização precoce propicia resultados clínicos favoráveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi pesquisar em literatura científica, principalmente ensaios clínicos controlados, sobre a mobilização precoce de pacientes portadores de trombose venosa profunda de membros inferiores na fase aguda. Utilizou-se como estratégia de pesquisa o site PubMed para a busca de estudos relacionados à mobilização precoce, deambulação e trombose venosa profunda na fase aguda. Os artigos consultados abrangeram o período de 1992 a 2007. Em todos os estudos, a mobilização precoce esteve associada à heparina de baixo peso molecular e a terapia de compressão. Estudos avaliados nesta revisão têm demonstrado os benefícios na redução da dor e edema, com melhora da qualidade de vida, pela estratégia terapêutica de mobilização precoce em combinação com anticoagulação e compressão da perna na trombose venosa profunda, sem que ocorra maior risco de desfechos relevantes, como embolia pulmonar e morte.


Conventional treatment of deep venous thrombosis in the acute phase includes bed rest. However, recent studies have challenged such therapeutic approach, emphasizing that early mobilization provides favorable clinical outcomes. This study aimed at finding qualified scientific studies, especially controlled clinical trials, on early mobilization of patients with acute deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs. PubMed was used to search for articles related to early mobilization, ambulation and acute deep venous thrombosis. Articles covered the period from 1992 to 2007. In all studies, early mobilization was associated with low molecular weight heparin and compression therapy. Studies evaluated in this review showed benefits in reducing pain and edema, with improvement in quality of life, using the therapeutic strategy of early mobilization in combination with anticoagulation and compression of the leg in patients with deep venous thrombosis, without increased risk of relevant outcomes, such as pulmonary embolism and death.


Subject(s)
Humans , Lower Extremity , Venous Thrombosis/therapy , Walking , Risk Factors
7.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 84(5): 381-386, maio 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-400653

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar a acurácia diagnóstica do ecocardiograma, analisando prospectivamente, o valor do método na indicação cirúrgica sem cateterismo em portadores de cardiopatia congênita, através da comparação do diagnóstico ecocardiográfico com os achados intra-operatórios e/ou do estudo invasivo. MÉTODOS: De fevereiro/2000 a janeiro/2001, foram acompanhados 493 pacientes cardiopatas congênitos com indicação cirúrgica, submetidos a ecocardiograma com mapeamento de fluxo em cores para decisão terapêutica. Os resultados foram comparados aos achados cirúrgicos e/ou de cateterismo quando realizado para complementação diagnóstica. RESULTADOS: Dos pacientes estudados, 94,3 por cento (465 casos) foram submetidos à correção da cardiopatia congênita apenas com o ecocardiograma e sem cateterismo diagnóstico. O estudo invasivo foi realizado para complementação diagnóstica em 28 (5,6 por cento) casos, o tratamento cirúrgico realizado em mais de 95 por cento dos casos e o cateterismo terapêutico em 3,6 por cento. Os achados do ecocardiograma se confirmaram em 464 (94,1 por cento) dos casos, demonstrando uma alta acurácia do método. Ocorreram 8 (1,6 por cento) casos de falso positivos e 39 (7,9 por cento) casos de falso negativos. Segundo os cirurgiões, nenhum dos erros diagnósticos levaram a complicações ou afetaram os resultados cirúrgicos adversamente. CONCLUSAO: O ecocardiograma se mostrou método sensível e seguro para indicação cirúrgica, dispensando, muitas vezes, a realização de estudo invasivo, ficando este, restrito aos casos de complementação diagnóstica ou terapêutica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiac Catheterization , Echocardiography, Doppler/standards , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Patient Selection , Epidemiologic Methods , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Preoperative Care
8.
Rev. bras. ecocardiogr ; 16(3): 61-68, jul.-set. 2003. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-394847

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Sabendo-se que a taxa de detecção pré-natal das cardiopatias congênitas é baixa em todo o país, este estudo foi realizado com os seguintes objetivos: 1) implementar esta taxa, através da implantação de um programa educativo de treinamento em ecocardiografia fetal nível I pelo ultra-som obstétrico, 2) avaliação de resultados e progressos ao longo dos anos, 3) criar uma rede de referência para receber e tratar fetos cardiopatas, 4) avaliação do resultado da gestação neste grupo, independente da razão da indicação. Casuística e Métodos: De um total de 8315 gestantes referidas...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Heart Defects, Congenital/mortality , Heart Defects, Congenital , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Echocardiography , Inservice Training
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